Grandpa Fenn's Workshop

The Telegraph

Long before phones, a message could cross the country in a flash. Grandpa has strung a wire from his workshop to the barn. He taps a key and the barn clicks back.

Grandpa Fenn at the workshop door with his field notebook

Tap out a message

Hold the key to send. A short press is a dot. A long press is a dash. Pause between letters.

A-
B-
C-

Out in the barn, a tiny bell clicks twice. Poppy grins. Then she taps back.

Why it works

A telegraph is a circuit. When the key goes down it closes the circuit. Electricity runs through the wire to the far end. A small magnet pulls a metal arm. Click.

When the key comes up the circuit opens. The click stops. A short click and a long click are all the code needs. Short is a dot. Long is a dash. Different dots and dashes make different letters.

Cut the wire and the circuit is open. The magnet never wakes up. No click, no message.

Grandpa. Two kinds of click. Twenty-six letters. A whole country talking.
Toby FennToby taps the key

Grandpa's notebook

A key closes the circuit and the receiver clicks.

Dots and dashes make letters.

A cut wire means no message.

Big word for the day. Circuit. A complete path that electricity can travel around.

More machines are waiting on the bench.

Try the Hot-Air Balloon

See Grandpa's Invention Wall

Back to the Chain Reaction Bench